Filter
Top Products
B-l0 SAMPLE INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE PROBLEMS
DS1
OR DMI
INTERFACE
DS1 OR DMI
INTERFACE
PRIMARY REFERENCE
LOCATION A
PRIMARY REFERENCE
LOCATION B
Figure B-10. Leavenworth Loop on the Primary Reference
DS1 OR DMI
INTERFACE
LOCATION A
SECONDARY REFERENCE
DS1 OR DMI
INTERFACE
LOCATION B
SECONDARY REFERENCE
PRIMARY REFERENCE
DS1 OR DMI
INTERFACE
LOCATION C
Figure B-11. Leavenworth Loop on the Secondary Reference
Make no assumptions when synchronizing digital networks; don’t take any aspect of synchronization
for granted and avoid Leavenworth loops. It is better to suffer the problems from high slip rates than
to risk losing all services provided by the switch.
It is necessary that the network synchronization diagram be maintained and be available at all switch
locations.
D4 Synchronization Problems
The D4-channel banks are used in a variety of applications. Primarily, these include interfacing an
analog switch or analog CO to a digital switch. The D4-channel bank is capable of internal stratum-4
timing, or loop timing via the office interface unit (OIU-1/OIU-2) circuit pack located in the